---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Batteries · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the operation of a wireless charger? Exam question 4 of lesson 34 «Batteries» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Batteries

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the operation of a wireless charger?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, operate · **To what, where:** operation, wireless charger

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 34 «Batteries» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/34-batteries/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:34-batteries:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the operation of a wireless charger?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	wireless	wireless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	charger	charger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the operation of a wireless charger |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **operate** |  |  | a wireless charger |  |  |  |  | nom operation «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Electricity is transmitted through the air in the form of visible sparks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:34-batteries:e4:o1:1
# text = Electricity is transmitted through the air in the form of visible sparks
1	Electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	transmitted	transmit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	sparks	spark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transmit** | present · passive |  | Electricity |  | the air |  | in the form of visible sparks | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **form** |  |  | visible sparks |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The device is charged by heat conducted from the pad

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:34-batteries:e4:o2:1
# text = The device is charged by heat conducted from the pad
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	charged	charge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	conducted	conduct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **charge** | present · passive | heat | the device |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location subject=Theme |
| 2 | **conduct** | participle |  | heat *not said here* |  | the pad |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent from pad=Destination |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The device is charged by light emitted from the pad

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:34-batteries:e4:o3:1
# text = The device is charged by light emitted from the pad
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	charged	charge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	emitted	emit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **charge** | present · passive | light | the device |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location subject=Theme |
| 2 | **emit** | participle |  | light *not said here* |  | the pad |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A coil in the pad produces a changing magnetic field which a coil in the device converts into electricity

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:34-batteries:e4:o4:1
# text = A coil in the pad produces a changing magnetic field which a coil in the device converts into electricity
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coil	coil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	produces	produce	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
9	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	coil	coil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	converts	convert	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present | a coil in the pad | a changing magnetic field |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Result |
| 2 | **change** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **convert** | present | a coil in the device | a changing magnetic field |  |  |  | into electricity *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent which=Patient into electricity=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Batteries, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/34-batteries/e3/)
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