---
title: Identify the principal means by which data is conveyed between conti… — The internet and undersea cables · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal means by which data is conveyed between continents. Exam question 2 of lesson 37 «The internet and undersea cables» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 2 · The internet and undersea cables

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal means by which data is conveyed between continents.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, principal · **What happens:** identify, mean, convey · **To what, where:** data · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «The internet and undersea cables» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal means by which data is conveyed between continents.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	7	det	_	_
7	data	data	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	conveyed	convey	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	continents	continent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the principal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **convey** | present · passive |  | which data |  |  |  | between continents | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vessels transporting storage devices

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables:e2:o1:1
# text = Vessels transporting storage devices
1	Vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	transporting	transport	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	storage	storage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	devices	device	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transport** | gerund | Vessels *not said here* | storage devices |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus device=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Radio waves reflected from the surface of the ocean between the continents

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables:e2:o2:1
# text = Radio waves reflected from the surface of the ocean between the continents
1	Radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	continents	continent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reflect** | participle |  | Radio waves *not said here* |  | the surface of the ocean between the continents |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Satellites exclusively

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables:e2:o3:1
# text = Satellites exclusively
1	Satellites	satellite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cables laid upon the sea floor containing glass fibres

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:37-the-internet-and-undersea-cables:e2:o4:1
# text = Cables laid upon the sea floor containing glass fibres
1	Cables	cable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
8	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	fibres	fibre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | participle |  | Cables *not said here* |  | the sea floor |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon floor=Destination |
| 2 | **contain** | gerund | Cables *not said here* | glass fibres |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fibre=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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