---
title: Ascertain the means by which a map application detects congestion up… — Satellites and GPS · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the means by which a map application detects congestion upon a road. Exam question 4 of lesson 38 «Satellites and GPS» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Satellites and GPS

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the means by which a map application detects congestion upon a road.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, the, map application · **What happens:** ascertain, mean, detect · **To what, where:** congestion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 38 «Satellites and GPS» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/technology/38-satellites-and-gps/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:38-satellites-and-gps:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the means by which a map application detects congestion upon a road.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	application	application	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	detects	detect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	congestion	congestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **detect** | present | a map application | congestion |  |  |  | upon a road | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer congestion=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It infers congestion solely from the time of day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:38-satellites-and-gps:e4:o1:1
# text = It infers congestion solely from the time of day
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	infers	infer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	congestion	congestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **infer** | present | It | congestion |  |  | time | solely *property* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent congestion=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It receives reports exclusively from a helicopter that patrols the roads continuously

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:38-satellites-and-gps:e4:o2:1
# text = It receives reports exclusively from a helicopter that patrols the roads continuously
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	receives	receive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	reports	report	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	patrols	patrol	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	continuously	continuously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | present | It | reports |  | a helicopter |  | continuously, exclusively *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent report=Theme from helicopter=Source |
| 2 | **patrol** | present | a helicopter | the roads |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent road=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is notified by text message from the police

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:38-satellites-and-gps:e4:o3:1
# text = It is notified by text message from the police
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	notified	notify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notify** *speech: other* | present · passive | text message | It |  | the police |  |  | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It observes that numerous telephones upon that road are moving slowly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:technology:38-satellites-and-gps:e4:o4:1
# text = It observes that numerous telephones upon that road are moving slowly
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	observes	observe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
4	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	telephones	telephone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
11	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **move** | present · progressive | numerous telephones upon that road |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Satellites and GPS, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/38-satellites-and-gps/e3/)
- next →: [Robots at work and at home, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/39-robots-at-work-and-at-home/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Satellites and GPS](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/38-satellites-and-gps/)