---
title: Lightning and thunder happen together, but you see the flash before… — Communication: letters, phones, radio… · tree and pragmatics
description: Lightning and thunder happen together, but you see the flash before you hear the thunder. What does this show about radio waves, which travel like light? Test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the depende
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/t5/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Communication: letters, phones, radio…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/) / t5

# Test 5 · ★★★ · Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lightning and thunder happen together, but you see the flash before you hear the thunder. What does this show about radio waves, which travel like light?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Lightning, you, this, radio waves · **What happens:** happen, see, hear, show, travel · **To what, where:** flash, thunder

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lightning and thunder happen together, but you see the flash before you hear the thunder.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet:t5:1
# text = Lightning and thunder happen together, but you see the flash before you hear the thunder.
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	flash	flash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | infinitive | Lightning and thunder |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | present | you | the flash |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flash=Stimulus |
| 3 | **hear** | present | you | the thunder |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thunder=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What does this show about radio waves, which travel like light?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet:t5:2
# text = What does this show about radio waves, which travel like light?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
4	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	travel	travel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present · do-support | this |  |  |  |  | about radio waves | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent what=Recipient about wave=Topic |
| 2 | **travel** | present | radio waves |  |  |  |  | like light | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They travel at the speed of sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet:t5:o1:1
# text = They travel at the speed of sound
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travel	travel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | They |  |  | the speed of sound |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They cannot travel through air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet:t5:o2:1
# text = They cannot travel through air
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **travel** | can | They |  |  | air |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through air=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are slower than sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet:t5:o3:1
# text = They are slower than sound
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	slower	slow	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | than sound; slow *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are much faster than sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet:t5:o4:1
# text = They are much faster than sound
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	much	much	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | than sound; fast *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Communication: letters, phones, radio…, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/t4/)
- next →: [Communication: letters, phones, radio…, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/t6/)
- ↑ back to [Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/)