---
title: Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds." Dad: "In your dreams,… — Alarms, stopwatches and how long a sec… · tree and pragmatics
description: Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds." Dad: "In your dreams, kid." Why is Dad right? Test 7 of lesson 105 «Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was 
---

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# Test 7 · Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds." Dad: "In your dreams, kid." Why is Dad right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Theo, your, Dad · **What happens:** run, dream, be · **To what, where:** 100 metres

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 of lesson 105 «Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:1
# text = Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds."
1	Theo	Theo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** *in a quote* | could | Theo | 100 metres |  |  | second |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Dad: "In your dreams, kid."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:2
# text = Dad: "In your dreams, kid."
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	kid	kid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dream** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Why is Dad right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:3
# text = Why is Dad right?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	Dad	Dad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Dad |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
10 seconds is the speed of an average child

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:o1:1
# text = 10 seconds is the speed of an average child
1	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	average	average	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 10 seconds | the speed |  |  |  | of a average child | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The best runners in history only just beat 10 seconds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:o2:1
# text = The best runners in history only just beat 10 seconds
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	beat	beat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | present | the best runners in history |  |  |  | second |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children are not allowed to run 100 metres

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:o3:1
# text = Children are not allowed to run 100 metres
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **allow** | present · passive |  | Children |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **run** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Children *not said here* | 100 metres |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Trajectory |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad is wrong; most children can do it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is:t7:o4:1
# text = Dad is wrong; most children can do it
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Dad |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | can | most children | it |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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