---
title: You blow up a balloon. What is inside it that makes it fat? — Solids, liquids and gases · tree and pragmatics
description: You blow up a balloon. What is inside it that makes it fat? Test 1 of lesson 11 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 1 · Solids, liquids and gases

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You blow up a balloon. What is inside it that makes it fat?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** You, balloon · **What happens:** blow up, be, make · **To what, where:** balloon, it

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 11 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* You blow up a balloon.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:11-solids-liquids-gases:t1:1
# text = You blow up a balloon.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	blow	blow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow up** | present | You | a balloon |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent balloon=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is inside it that makes it fat?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:11-solids-liquids-gases:t1:2
# text = What is inside it that makes it fat?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	fat	fat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | balloon |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | balloon | it |  |  |  | fat *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material it=Product |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only water from your breath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:11-solids-liquids-gases:t1:o1:1
# text = Only water from your breath
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the warmth from your body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:11-solids-liquids-gases:t1:o2:1
# text = Only the warmth from your body
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	warmth	warmth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air, a gas that takes up space

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:11-solids-liquids-gases:t1:o3:1
# text = Air, a gas that takes up space
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take up** | present | a gas | space |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing at all, it is empty

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:11-solids-liquids-gases:t1:o4:1
# text = Nothing at all, it is empty
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | empty *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Thinking like an astronomer, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/10-reasoning-about-space/e4/)
- next →: [Solids, liquids and gases, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Solids, liquids and gases](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/)