---
title: Grace: "A leap year has an extra week." Her mate: "Nah, an extra mon… — Leap years and 29 February birthdays · tree and pragmatics
description: Grace: "A leap year has an extra week." Her mate: "Nah, an extra month." Who's right? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 112 «Leap years and 29 February birthdays» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · Leap years and 29 February birthdays

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grace: "A leap year has an extra week." Her mate: "Nah, an extra month." Who's right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** leap year · **What happens:** have, be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 112 «Leap years and 29 February birthdays» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grace: "A leap year has an extra week."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:1
# text = Grace: "A leap year has an extra week."
1	Grace	Grace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	leap	leap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | a leap year |  |  |  | week |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Her mate: "Nah, an extra month."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:2
# text = Her mate: "Nah, an extra month."
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Nah	nah	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Who's right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:3
# text = Who's right?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both; it adds a week and a month

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:o1:1
# text = Both; it adds a week and a month
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	adds	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | Both |  |  |  | week |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grace; it has an extra week

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:o2:1
# text = Grace; it has an extra week
1	Grace	Grace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Grace |  |  |  | week |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither; it has one extra day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:o3:1
# text = Neither; it has one extra day
1	Neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | it |  |  |  | day | neither *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mate; it has an extra month

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays:t4:o4:1
# text = The mate; it has an extra month
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the mate |  |  |  | month |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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