---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Day and night, shadows and sundials · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the duration of daylight at the equator? Exam question 4 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova'
---

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# Exam question 4 · Day and night, shadows and sundials

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the duration of daylight at the equator?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** duration, equator

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the duration of daylight at the equator?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	duration	duration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the duration of daylight |  | the equator |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Daylight varies by some five hours between summer and winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:e4:o1:1
# text = Daylight varies by some five hours between summer and winter
1	Daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	varies	vary	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
5	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vary** | present | Daylight |  |  |  | hour |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Day and night are each approximately twelve hours throughout the year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:e4:o2:1
# text = Day and night are each approximately twelve hours throughout the year
1	Day	Day	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
6	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Day and night | each twelve hours |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Daylight persists for several weeks during the summer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:e4:o3:1
# text = Daylight persists for several weeks during the summer
1	Daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	persists	persist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **persist** | present | Daylight |  |  |  | summer; week |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Daylight is absent for several weeks during the winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:e4:o4:1
# text = Daylight is absent for several weeks during the winter
1	Daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	absent	absent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Daylight |  |  |  | week; winter | absent *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Day and night, shadows and sundials, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/e3/)
- next →: [The Moon's month and the year round th…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/119-moon-month-and-year/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Day and night, shadows and sundials](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/)