---
title: A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth e… — Day and night, shadows and sundials · tree and pragmatics
description: A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth each day. Put it right. Test 10 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · Day and night, shadows and sundials

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth each day. Put it right.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cartoon, you · **What happens:** show, drive, put · **To what, where:** Sun, little track, Earth

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth each day.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t10:1
# text = A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth each day.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
12	round	round	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a cartoon |  | the Sun | a little track |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sun=Recipient |
| 2 | **drive** | gerund | a cartoon *not said here* |  |  | the Earth | day |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent round earth=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Put it right.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t10:2
# text = Put it right.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	right	right	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | Sun |  |  |  | right *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth spins, and that makes the Sun seem to cross the sky

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t10:o1:1
# text = The Earth spins, and that makes the Sun seem to cross the sky
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spins	spin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	seem	seem	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spin** | present | the Earth |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | present | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **seem** | present | the Sun |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 4 | **cross** | to-infinitive | the Sun *not said here* | the sky |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sun really drives round, but much faster

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t10:o2:1
# text = The Sun really drives round, but much faster
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	drives	drive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	round	round	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	much	much	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | present | the Sun |  |  |  |  | fast, round *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth goes round the Sun once every day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t10:o3:1
# text = The Earth goes round the Sun once every day
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	round	round	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | the Earth |  |  | the Sun |  | once *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme round sun=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sun and the Earth both stand still

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t10:o4:1
# text = The Sun and the Earth both stand still
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	still	still	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | the Sun and the Earth |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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