---
title: Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!" What's… — Day and night, shadows and sundials · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!" What's true? Test 4 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · Day and night, shadows and sundials

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!" What's true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Leo · **What happens:** kick, be · **To what, where:** sundial

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t4:1
# text = Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!"
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kicks	kick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sundial	sundial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Useless	useless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	junk	junk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kick** | present | Leo | Leo's sundial |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t4:2
# text = What's true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It works in the rain but not in fog

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t4:o1:1
# text = It works in the rain but not in fog
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | It |  |  |  |  | in the rain but fog | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in rain=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's broken for good now and will never work again, so bin it

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t4:o2:1
# text = It's broken for good now and will never work again, so bin it
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	bin	bin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · passive |  | It |  |  | now | for good | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **work** | future |  |  |  |  | again |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **bin** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's fine, but it works only when the Sun makes a shadow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t4:o3:1
# text = It's fine, but it works only when the Sun makes a shadow
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | present | the Sun | a shadow |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadow=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It works even better on cloudy days

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials:t4:o4:1
# text = It works even better on cloudy days
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	even	even	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | It |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Day and night, shadows and sundials, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/t3/)
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