--- title: Identify the principal cause of the phases of the Moon. — The Moon's month and the year round th… · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal cause of the phases of the Moon. Exam question 1 of lesson 119 «The Moon's month and the year round the Sun» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/119-moon-month-and-year/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [The Moon's month and the year round th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/119-moon-month-and-year/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · The Moon's month and the year round the Sun Identify the principal cause of the phases of the Moon. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, cause · **To what, where:** principal cause, phases This is exam question 1 of lesson 119 «The Moon's month and the year round the Sun» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/119-moon-month-and-year/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:119-moon-month-and-year:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal cause of the phases of the Moon. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 cause cause NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 phases phase NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal cause of the phases of the Moon | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent cause=Theme | | 2 | **cause** | | | the phases of the Moon | | | | | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} The varying portion of its sunlit half visible from the Earth ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:119-moon-month-and-year:e1:o1:1 # text = The varying portion of its sunlit half visible from the Earth 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 varying vary VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 amod _ _ 3 portion portion NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 6 sunlit sunlit ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 3 nmod _ _ 8 visible visible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **vary** | gerund | | | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ### Option 2 {#o2} The partial obscuring of the Moon by clouds ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:119-moon-month-and-year:e1:o2:1 # text = The partial obscuring of the Moon by clouds 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 partial partial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 3 obscuring obscure VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 clouds cloud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **obscure** | gerund | | | | | | of the Moon; by clouds | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent | ### Option 3 {#o3} The shadow cast upon it by the Earth each night ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:119-moon-month-and-year:e1:o3:1 # text = The shadow cast upon it by the Earth each night 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 cast cast VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 upon upon ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 10 det _ _ 10 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl:unmarked _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cast** | past | the shadow | | | it | night | by the Earth | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent upon it=Destination | ### Option 4 {#o4} The varying quantity of light produced within the Moon ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:119-moon-month-and-year:e1:o4:1 # text = The varying quantity of light produced within the Moon 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 varying vary VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 amod _ _ 3 quantity quantity NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 produced produce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl _ _ 7 within within ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **vary** | gerund | | | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **produce** | participle | | the varying quantity of light *not said here* | | | | within the Moon | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Moon's month and the year round th…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/119-moon-month-and-year/t11/) - next →: [The Moon's month and the year round th…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/119-moon-month-and-year/e2/) - ↑ back to [The Moon's month and the year round the Sun](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/119-moon-month-and-year/)