--- title: Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock. What change of state is this? — Melting, freezing and boiling · tree and pragmatics description: Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock. What change of state is this? Test 1 of lesson 12 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/t1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Melting, freezing and boiling](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/) / t1 # Test 1 · Melting, freezing and boiling Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock. What change of state is this? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Red hot lava, this · **What happens:** cool, become, be · **To what, where:** rock, change This is test 1 of lesson 12 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/#t1). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock. ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:12-melting-freezing-boiling:t1:1 # text = Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock. 1 Red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 1 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 3 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 lava lava NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 cools cool VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 becomes become VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 8 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 9 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cool** | present | Red hot lava | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **become** | present | Red hot lava *not said here* | rock | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What change of state is this? ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:12-melting-freezing-boiling:t1:2 # text = What change of state is this? 1 What what DET WDT PronType=Int 2 det _ _ 2 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 cop _ _ 6 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | this | what change | | | | of state | tree rules | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Evaporating, a liquid becoming a gas ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:12-melting-freezing-boiling:t1:o1:1 # text = Evaporating, a liquid becoming a gas 1 Evaporating evaporate VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 csubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 becoming become VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **evaporate** | gerund | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **become** | gerund | a liquid | a gas | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient gas=Result | ### Option 2 {#o2} Melting, a solid becoming a liquid ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:12-melting-freezing-boiling:t1:o2:1 # text = Melting, a solid becoming a liquid 1 Melting melting NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 solid solid NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 5 becoming become VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **become** | gerund | Melting and a solid *not said here* | a liquid | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} Freezing, a liquid becoming a solid ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:12-melting-freezing-boiling:t1:o3:1 # text = Freezing, a liquid becoming a solid 1 Freezing freezing NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 5 becoming become VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 solid solid NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **become** | gerund | Freezing and a liquid *not said here* | a solid | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} Boiling, a liquid becoming a gas ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:12-melting-freezing-boiling:t1:o4:1 # text = Boiling, a liquid becoming a gas 1 Boiling boiling NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 5 becoming become VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **become** | gerund | Boiling and a liquid *not said here* | a gas | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient gas=Result | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Solids, liquids and gases, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/e4/) - next →: [Melting, freezing and boiling, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/t2/) - ↑ back to [Melting, freezing and boiling](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/)