---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the early departure of a tra… — Being on time around the world, waitin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the early departure of a train is regarded in Japan as a failure. Exam question 1 of lesson 129 «Being on time around the world, waiting your turn and deadlines» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the quest
---

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# Exam question 1 · Being on time around the world, waiting your turn and dead…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the early departure of a train is regarded in Japan as a failure.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, train · **What happens:** identify, regard, depart · **To what, where:** principal reason, early departure, Japan

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 129 «Being on time around the world, waiting your turn and deadlines» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/129-being-on-time-around-the-world/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:129-being-on-time-around-the-world:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the early departure of a train is regarded in Japan as a failure.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	departure	departure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	regarded	regard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	failure	failure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **regard** | present · passive |  | the early departure of a train |  | Japan |  | for the principal reason; as a failure | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme for which=Attribute |
| 3 | **depart** |  | a train |  |  |  |  |  | nom departure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Early departure contravenes the speed limits of the railway

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:129-being-on-time-around-the-world:e1:o1:1
# text = Early departure contravenes the speed limits of the railway
1	Early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	departure	departure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contravenes	contravene	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	limits	limit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contravene** | present | Early departure | the speed limits of the railway |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Passengers arriving punctually may thereby be deprived of their journey

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:129-being-on-time-around-the-world:e1:o2:1
# text = Passengers arriving punctually may thereby be deprived of their journey
1	Passengers	passenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	arriving	arrive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	punctually	punctually	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	deprived	deprive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | gerund | Passengers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | punctually *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **deprive** | may · passive |  | Passengers |  |  |  | of Passengers's journey; thereby *property* | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source of journey=Theme |
| 3 | **journey** |  | Passengers *= passenger* |  |  |  |  |  | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Early trains are invariably overcrowded

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:129-being-on-time-around-the-world:e1:o3:1
# text = Early trains are invariably overcrowded
1	Early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	overcrowded	overcrowded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Early trains |  |  |  |  | invariably, overcrowded *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Early departure increases the consumption of electricity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:129-being-on-time-around-the-world:e1:o4:1
# text = Early departure increases the consumption of electricity
1	Early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	departure	departure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	consumption	consumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | Early departure | the consumption of electricity |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer consumption=Patient |
| 2 | **consume** |  |  | electricity |  |  |  |  | nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Being on time around the world, waitin…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/129-being-on-time-around-the-world/t12/)
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