---
title: Identify the principal reason for which rain is fresh water even whe… — The water cycle · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which rain is fresh water even when derived from the sea. Exam question 3 of lesson 14 «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 3 · The water cycle

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which rain is fresh water even when derived from the sea.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, principal reason · **What happens:** identify, be, derive · **To what, where:** principal reason, fresh water, sea

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 14 «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/14-the-water-cycle/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:e3:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which rain is fresh water even when derived from the sea.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
11	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
13	derived	derive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the principal reason | fresh water |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **derive** | participle |  |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from sea=Material |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clouds filter out the salt as they form

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:e3:o1:1
# text = The clouds filter out the salt as they form
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	filter	filter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **filter out** | present | the clouds | the salt |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent salt=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **form** | present | clouds *= cloud* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The salt is consumed entirely by the Sun's heat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:e3:o2:1
# text = The salt is consumed entirely by the Sun's heat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** | present · passive | the Sun's heat | the salt |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Asset |
| 2 | **heat** |  | the Sun |  |  |  |  |  | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The salt remains behind upon evaporation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:e3:o3:1
# text = The salt remains behind upon evaporation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present | the salt |  |  | evaporation |  | behind *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon evaporation=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind removes the salt from the falling rain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:e3:o4:1
# text = The wind removes the salt from the falling rain
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	removes	remove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	falling	falling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | present | the wind | the salt |  | the falling rain |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent salt=Theme from rain=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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