---
title: A large forest is cut down. How might this change the water cycle th… — The water cycle · tree and pragmatics
description: A large forest is cut down. How might this change the water cycle there? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 14 «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · The water cycle

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A large forest is cut down. How might this change the water cycle there?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** this · **What happens:** cut down, change · **To what, where:** large forest, water cycle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 14 «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/14-the-water-cycle/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A large forest is cut down.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:t5:1
# text = A large forest is cut down.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut down** | present · passive |  | a large forest |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How might this change the water cycle there?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:t5:2
# text = How might this change the water cycle there?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | might | this | the water cycle |  | there |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cycle=Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rivers there start to flow uphill

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:t5:o1:1
# text = The rivers there start to flow uphill
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
4	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	flow	flow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	uphill	uphill	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | the rivers |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **flow** | to-infinitive | the rivers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | uphill *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rain that falls there becomes salty

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:t5:o2:1
# text = The rain that falls there becomes salty
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
6	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	salty	salty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | the rain |  |  | there |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | present | the rain | salty |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Less water vapour goes into the air from leaves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:t5:o3:1
# text = Less water vapour goes into the air from leaves
1	Less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | Less water vapour |  |  | the air |  | from leaves | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme into air=Initial\_Location from leaf=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
More water vapour starts coming out of the cut stumps

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:14-the-water-cycle:t5:o4:1
# text = More water vapour starts coming out of the cut stumps
1	More	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	csubj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	stumps	stump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | More water vapour |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **come out** | gerund |  | the cut |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient cut=Result |
| 3 | **stump** | present | coming |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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