---
title: Identify the principal process by which the report "Mr Hughes has a… — The rumour that grows · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal process by which the report "Mr Hughes has a cold" became "Mr Hughes is in hospital" within three days. Exam question 1 of lesson 167 «The rumour that grows» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 1 · The rumour that grows

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal process by which the report "Mr Hughes has a cold" became "Mr Hughes is in hospital" within three days.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, report, cold, Mr · **What happens:** identify, have, become, be · **To what, where:** principal process, hospital · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 167 «The rumour that grows» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/167-the-rumour-that-grows/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:167-the-rumour-that-grows:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal process by which the report "Mr Hughes has a cold" became "Mr Hughes is in hospital" within three days.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
11	Hughes	Hughes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
12	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
16	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
19	Hughes	Hughes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
24	within	within	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal process |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent process=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | the report |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | past | a cold |  |  |  | day |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Mr |  |  | hospital |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Medical information released by a hospital

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:167-the-rumour-that-grows:e1:o1:1
# text = Medical information released by a hospital
1	Medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	released	release	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **release** | participle |  | Medical information *not said here* |  |  |  | by a hospital | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Formal notification issued by the school office

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:167-the-rumour-that-grows:e1:o2:1
# text = Formal notification issued by the school office
1	Formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	notification	notification	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | participle |  | Formal notification *not said here* |  |  |  | by the school office | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by office=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Direct observation by several pupils

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:167-the-rumour-that-grows:e1:o3:1
# text = Direct observation by several pupils
1	Direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	observation	observation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** |  | several pupils |  |  |  |  |  | nom observation «act transitive»: by=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Successive retelling without verification, with enlargement at each stage

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:167-the-rumour-that-grows:e1:o4:1
# text = Successive retelling without verification, with enlargement at each stage
1	Successive	successive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	retelling	retelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	verification	verification	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	enlargement	enlargement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	stage	stage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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