---
title: Kai's aunt: "Bound to come up? The odds are millions to one, Dave. T… — "I'm due a win": the gambler's fallacy · tree and pragmatics
description: Kai's aunt: "Bound to come up? The odds are millions to one, Dave. The only thing bound to come up is the bill." What does she mean? Test 5 of lesson 171 «"I'm due a win": the gambler's fallacy» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Test 5 · "I'm due a win": the gambler's fallacy

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kai's aunt: "Bound to come up? The odds are millions to one, Dave. The only thing bound to come up is the bill." What does she mean?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** odds, only thing, Dave · **What happens:** bind, come up, be, mean · **To what, where:** aunt, millions, one, only thing, bill

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 171 «"I'm due a win": the gambler's fallacy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Kai's aunt: "Bound to come up?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:1
# text = Kai's aunt: "Bound to come up?
1	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** *in a quote* | participle |  | Kai's aunt *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come up** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* The odds are millions to one, Dave.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:2
# text = The odds are millions to one, Dave.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	odds	odd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Dave	Dave	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the odds | millions | one |  |  | Dave *nmod* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* The only thing bound to come up is the bill."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:3
# text = The only thing bound to come up is the bill."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	up	up	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** | participle |  | the only thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come up** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the only thing | the bill |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 4:* What does she mean?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:4
# text = What does she mean?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present · do-support | Dave |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dave should buy lots more tickets, so the numbers come up sooner

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:o1:1
# text = Dave should buy lots more tickets, so the numbers come up sooner
1	Dave	Dave	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	tickets	ticket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	sooner	soon	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | should | Dave | lots |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme |
| 2 | **come up** | present | the numbers |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bills are drawn like lottery balls

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:o2:1
# text = Bills are drawn like lottery balls
1	Bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	lottery	lottery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present · passive |  | Bills |  |  |  | like lottery balls | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The numbers will win next week

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:o3:1
# text = The numbers will win next week
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | future | the numbers |  |  |  | week |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chance never improves, but the cost keeps adding up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:171-im-due-a-win-the-gamblers-fallacy:t5:o4:1
# text = The chance never improves, but the cost keeps adding up
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	improves	improve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cost	cost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **improve** | present | the chance |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **keep** | present | the cost |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **add up** *speech: assert* | gerund | the cost *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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