--- title: Identify the principal reason for which persons who watch a great de… — "Crime is up, I saw it on the news" · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal reason for which persons who watch a great deal of news frequently overestimate the prevalence of crime. Exam question 1 of lesson 177 «"Crime is up, I saw it on the news"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · "Crime is up, I saw it on the news" Identify the principal reason for which persons who watch a great deal of news frequently overestimate the prevalence of crime. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, persons · **What happens:** identify, watch, overestimate, deal · **To what, where:** principal reason, great deal, prevalence, news This is exam question 1 of lesson 177 «"Crime is up, I saw it on the news"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal reason for which persons who watch a great deal of news frequently overestimate the prevalence of crime. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 obl _ _ 7 persons person NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 8 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 watch watch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 deal deal NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 frequently frequently ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 overestimate overestimate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 prevalence prevalence NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 crime crime NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | | 2 | **watch** | present | persons | a great deal of news | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Theme | | 3 | **overestimate** | present | persons | the prevalence of crime | | | | for the principal reason; frequently *property* | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent prevalence=Value | | 4 | **deal** | | | news | | | | | nom deal «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Crime occurs predominantly at the hour at which the news is broadcast ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e1:o1:1 # text = Crime occurs predominantly at the hour at which the news is broadcast 1 Crime crime NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 occurs occur VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 predominantly predominantly ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 obl _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 broadcast broadcast VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl:relcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **occur** | present | Crime | | | | hour | predominantly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **broadcast** *speech: other* | present · passive | | the news | | | at the hour | | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ### Option 2 {#o2} News broadcasts report only the crimes in the viewer's street ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e1:o2:1 # text = News broadcasts report only the crimes in the viewer's street 1 News news NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 broadcasts broadcast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 report report VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 crimes crime NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 viewer viewer NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 10 's 's PART POS _ 9 case _ _ 11 street street NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **report** | present | News broadcasts | the crimes | | the viewer's street | | | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crime=Patient | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} The news selects unusual and alarming events from a very large area ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e1:o3:1 # text = The news selects unusual and alarming events from a very large area 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 selects select VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unusual unusual ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 alarming alarming ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 7 events event NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 8 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 10 very very ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 area area NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **select** | present | the news | unusual events | | a large area | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent event=Theme from area=Source | ### Option 4 {#o4} Official crime figures are not compiled by any authority ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e1:o4:1 # text = Official crime figures are not compiled by any authority 1 Official official ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 crime crime NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 figures figure NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 5 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 compiled compile VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 9 det _ _ 9 authority authority NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **compile** | present · passive | any authority | Official crime figures | | | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news", test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/t11/) - next →: ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news", exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/e2/) - ↑ back to ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/)