---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — "Crime is up, I saw it on the news" · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the inference that a new rule is universally disliked because one angry man was shown on television? Exam question 4 of lesson 177 «"Crime is up, I saw it on the news"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency t
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · "Crime is up, I saw it on the news"

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the inference that a new rule is universally disliked because one angry man was shown on television?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, dislike, show · **To what, where:** inference, new rule, one angry man, television

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 177 «"Crime is up, I saw it on the news"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the inference that a new rule is universally disliked because one angry man was shown on television?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	inference	inference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	universally	universally	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	disliked	dislike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
18	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
19	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
20	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	advcl	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	television	television	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the inference |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **dislike** | present · passive |  | a new rule |  |  |  | universally *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 4 | **show** | past · passive |  | one angry man |  | television |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reporters invariably select the most typical citizen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e4:o1:1
# text = Reporters invariably select the most typical citizen
1	Reporters	reporter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	select	select	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	typical	typical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	citizen	citizen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | present | Reporters | the typical citizen |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent citizen=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Public opinion cannot be measured by any method

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e4:o2:1
# text = Public opinion cannot be measured by any method
1	Public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	measured	measure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **measure** | can · passive | any method | Public opinion |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme subject=Value |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A single interviewee is sufficient to establish the opinion of the public

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e4:o3:1
# text = A single interviewee is sufficient to establish the opinion of the public
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	interviewee	interviewee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	establish	establish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	public	public	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a single interviewee |  |  |  |  | sufficient *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **establish** | to-infinitive | a single interviewee *not said here* | the opinion of the public |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opinion=Patient |
| 3 | **opine** |  |  | the public |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One interviewee does not establish the opinion of the population

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news:e4:o4:1
# text = One interviewee does not establish the opinion of the population
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	interviewee	interviewee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	establish	establish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **establish** | present · do-support | One interviewee | the opinion of the population |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opinion=Patient |
| 2 | **opine** |  |  | the population |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news", exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/e3/)
- next →: [The politician's either-or and the str…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/178-the-politicians-either-or-and-the-straw-man/t1/)
- ↑ back to ["Crime is up, I saw it on the news"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/177-crime-is-up-i-saw-it-on-the-news/)