---
title: It is given that larger fires are attended by a greater number of fi… — Correlation is not cause: ice cream an… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that larger fires are attended by a greater number of firefighters and also occasion greater damage. Select the response consistent with the established facts. Exam question 2 of lesson 180 «Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn» of the world course of Mova's primary school, wi
---

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# Exam question 2 · Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that larger fires are attended by a greater number of firefighters and also occasion greater damage. Select the response consistent with the established facts.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** greater number, you · **What happens:** give, attend, select, establish · **To what, where:** It, larger fires, response

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 180 «Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that larger fires are attended by a greater number of firefighters and also occasion greater damage.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:e2:1
# text = It is given that larger fires are attended by a greater number of firefighters and also occasion greater damage.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	attended	attend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	also	also	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
18	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	amod	_	_
19	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **attend** | present · passive | a greater number of firefighters and occasion and greater damage | larger fires |  |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Select the response consistent with the established facts.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:e2:2
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firefighters are the principal cause of the damage

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:e2:o1:1
# text = Firefighters are the principal cause of the damage
1	Firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Firefighters | the principal cause |  |  |  | of the damage | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The number of firefighters has no relation to the fire

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:e2:o2:1
# text = The number of firefighters has no relation to the fire
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
7	relation	relation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the number of firefighters | no relation |  |  |  | to the fire | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relation=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The damage summons the firefighters to the fire

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:e2:o3:1
# text = The damage summons the firefighters to the fire
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	summons	summon	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **summon** | present | the damage | the firefighters |  |  |  | to the fire | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firefighter=Recipient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The size of the fire determines both quantities, and firefighters reduce the damage

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:e2:o4:1
# text = The size of the fire determines both quantities, and firefighters reduce the damage
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	determines	determine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	quantities	quantity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	reduce	reduce	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | present | the size of the fire | both quantities |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quantity=Topic |
| 2 | **reduce** | present | firefighters | the damage |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer damage=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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