---
title: A headline: "Kids who own more books get better marks!" What should… — Correlation is not cause: ice cream an… · tree and pragmatics
description: A headline: "Kids who own more books get better marks!" What should you ask first? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 180 «Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was w
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A headline: "Kids who own more books get better marks!" What should you ask first?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Kids, you · **What happens:** own, get, ask · **To what, where:** more books, better marks

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 180 «Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A headline: "Kids who own more books get better marks!"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:t11:1
# text = A headline: "Kids who own more books get better marks!"
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	headline	headline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	own	own	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	appos	_	_
11	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **own** *in a quote* | present | Kids | more books |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot book=Theme |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | present | Kids | better marks |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mark=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What should you ask first?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:t11:2
# text = What should you ask first?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | should | you |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How heavy are all the books if you weigh them?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:t11:o1:1
# text = How heavy are all the books if you weigh them?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	weigh	weigh	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | all heavy books |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **weigh** | present | all heavy books | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme they=Value |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the books have the nicest, shiniest covers?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:t11:o2:1
# text = Which of the books have the nicest, shiniest covers?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	nicest	nice	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	shiniest	shiny	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	covers	cover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the books | the nicest |  |  |  | shiniest covers *obl* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What else is different about those families?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:t11:o3:1
# text = What else is different about those families?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	else	else	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about that families; different *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Are the books brand new or bought second-hand?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:180-correlation-is-not-cause-ice-cream-and-sunburn:t11:o4:1
# text = Are the books brand new or bought second-hand?
1	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	brand	brand	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	bought	buy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the books |  |  |  |  | brand, new *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | participle | the books *not said here* | second hand |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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