---
title: A regulation provides that persons under twelve years of age shall w… — "If... then..." and its traps · tree and pragmatics
description: A regulation provides that persons under twelve years of age shall wear armbands in the pool. Ascertain the position of a swimmer aged thirteen who elects to wear armbands. Exam question 3 of lesson 184 «"If... then..." and its traps» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency
---

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# Exam question 3 · "If... then..." and its traps

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A regulation provides that persons under twelve years of age shall wear armbands in the pool. Ascertain the position of a swimmer aged thirteen who elects to wear armbands.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** regulation, persons, you, swimmer · **What happens:** provide, wear, ascertain, age, elect · **To what, where:** armbands, pool, position, thirteen

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 184 «"If... then..." and its traps» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/184-if-then-and-its-traps/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A regulation provides that persons under twelve years of age shall wear armbands in the pool.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:184-if-then-and-its-traps:e3:1
# text = A regulation provides that persons under twelve years of age shall wear armbands in the pool.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	regulation	regulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	provides	provide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
5	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
13	armbands	armband	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | present | a regulation |  |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition clause=Theme |
| 2 | **wear** | shall | persons under twelve years of age | armbands |  | the pool |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent armband=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the position of a swimmer aged thirteen who elects to wear armbands.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:184-if-then-and-its-traps:e3:2
# text = Ascertain the position of a swimmer aged thirteen who elects to wear armbands.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	aged	age	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl	_	_
8	thirteen	thirteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	elects	elect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	armbands	armband	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the position of a swimmer |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent position=Topic |
| 2 | **age** | participle | a swimmer *not said here* | thirteen |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent thirteen=Patient |
| 3 | **elect** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **wear** | to-infinitive |  | armbands |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent armband=Source |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swimmer is in breach of the regulation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:184-if-then-and-its-traps:e3:o1:1
# text = The swimmer is in breach of the regulation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	regulation	regulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the swimmer |  |  | breach |  | of the regulation | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swimmer is in no breach of the regulation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:184-if-then-and-its-traps:e3:o2:1
# text = The swimmer is in no breach of the regulation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	regulation	regulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the swimmer |  |  | no breach |  | of the regulation | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swimmer is thereby deemed to be under twelve

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:184-if-then-and-its-traps:e3:o3:1
# text = The swimmer is thereby deemed to be under twelve
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	deemed	deem	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deem** | present · passive |  | the swimmer |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | twelve |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The regulation prohibits armbands for such a swimmer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:184-if-then-and-its-traps:e3:o4:1
# text = The regulation prohibits armbands for such a swimmer
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	regulation	regulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	prohibits	prohibit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	armbands	armband	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	8	det:predet	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** | present | the regulation | armbands |  |  |  | for such swimmer | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer armband=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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