---
title: Ruby: "Grandad, I looked it up. You got played by 1940." What tricke… — "How do you know?" · tree and pragmatics
description: Ruby: "Grandad, I looked it up. You got played by 1940." What tricked Grandad? Test 4 of lesson 186 «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · "How do you know?"

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ruby: "Grandad, I looked it up. You got played by 1940." What tricked Grandad?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Ruby · **What happens:** look up, play, trick · **To what, where:** it, You, Grandad

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 186 «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/186-how-do-you-know/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ruby: "Grandad, I looked it up.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:1
# text = Ruby: "Grandad, I looked it up.
1	Ruby	Ruby	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look up** *in a quote* | past | Ruby and Grandad | it |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You got played by 1940."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:2
# text = You got played by 1940."
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	1940	1940	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past · passive |  | You |  |  |  | by 1940 | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What tricked Grandad?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:3
# text = What tricked Grandad?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tricked	trick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | past |  | Grandad |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grandad=Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wartime story spread to hide radar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:o1:1
# text = A wartime story spread to hide radar
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wartime	wartime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	radar	radar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | a wartime story |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | to-infinitive | a wartime story *not said here* | radar |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent radar=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A real study of pilots who ate carrots

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:o2:1
# text = A real study of pilots who ate carrots
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pilots	pilot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	carrots	carrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | pilots | carrots |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent carrot=Patient |
| 2 | **study** |  |  | pilots |  |  |  |  | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cartoon about a rabbit

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:o3:1
# text = A cartoon about a rabbit
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Advice from a doctor today

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:186-how-do-you-know:t4:o4:1
# text = Advice from a doctor today
1	Advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: ["How do you know?", test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/186-how-do-you-know/t3/)
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