---
title: Kai's dad: "The platypus? That thing's a cheat code. Fine, you win."… — One counterexample is enough · tree and pragmatics
description: Kai's dad: "The platypus? That thing's a cheat code. Fine, you win." Is "mammals don't lay eggs" still true? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 187 «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · One counterexample is enough

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kai's dad: "The platypus? That thing's a cheat code. Fine, you win." Is "mammals don't lay eggs" still true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** thing, you, mammals · **What happens:** be, win, not lay · **To what, where:** cheat code, eggs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 187 «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Kai's dad: "The platypus?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:1
# text = Kai's dad: "The platypus?
1	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	platypus	platypus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* That thing's a cheat code.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:2
# text = That thing's a cheat code.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cheat	cheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | that thing | a cheat code |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Fine, you win."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:3
# text = Fine, you win."
1	Fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	win	win	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 4:* Is "mammals don't lay eggs" still true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:4
# text = Is "mammals don't lay eggs" still true?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	csubj	_	_
7	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **lay** *in a quote* | present · do-support | mammals | eggs |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes; platypuses aren't mammals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:o1:1
# text = Yes; platypuses aren't mammals
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	platypuses	platypus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | platypuses | mammals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No; all mammals lay eggs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:o2:1
# text = No; all mammals lay eggs
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | all mammals | eggs |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No; the platypus breaks it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:o3:1
# text = No; the platypus breaks it
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	platypus	platypus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present | the platypus | it |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes; one animal doesn't count

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough:t5:o4:1
# text = Yes; one animal doesn't count
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **count** | present · do-support | one animal |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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