---
title: State the proposition which is the negation of "all the children att… — Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★ · tree and pragmatics
description: State the proposition which is the negation of "all the children attended". Exam question 3 of lesson 193 «Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/e3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/) / e3

# Exam question 3 · Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the proposition which is the negation of "all the children attended".

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, proposition, children · **What happens:** state, be, attend · **To what, where:** proposition, negation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 193 «Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then:e3:1
# text = State the proposition which is the negation of "all the children attended".
1	State	state	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	proposition	proposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	negation	negation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	attended	attend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | the proposition |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent proposition=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the proposition | the negation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **attend** *in a quote* | past | all children |  |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the children were absent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then:e3:o1:1
# text = All the children were absent
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	absent	absent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | all children |  |  |  |  | absent *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some children attended

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then:e3:o2:1
# text = Some children attended
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	attended	attend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attend** | participle |  | some children *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At least one child did not attend

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then:e3:o3:1
# text = At least one child did not attend
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	nmod	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	attend	attend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **attend** | past · do-support | one child |  |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No child attended

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then:e3:o4:1
# text = No child attended
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	attended	attend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attend** | participle |  | no child *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/e2/)
- next →: [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/)