---
title: my brother says all animals with no backbone are insects. true? — Groups of animals and how to tell them… · tree and pragmatics
description: my brother says all animals with no backbone are insects. true? Test 13 of lesson 24 «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 13 · Groups of animals and how to tell them apart

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my brother says all animals with no backbone are insects. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** brother, animals · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** insects · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 13 of lesson 24 «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/24-animal-groups/#t13).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:24-animal-groups:t13:1
# text = my brother says all animals with no backbone are insects. true?
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	backbone	backbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
12	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | my brother |  |  |  |  | true *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | all animals with no backbone | insects |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, insects do have a backbone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:24-animal-groups:t13:o1:1
# text = No, insects do have a backbone
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	backbone	backbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | insects | a backbone |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, every animal without a backbone is an insect

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:24-animal-groups:t13:o2:1
# text = Yes, every animal without a backbone is an insect
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	10	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	backbone	backbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | every animal without a backbone | a insect |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, and insects have soft backbones

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:24-animal-groups:t13:o3:1
# text = Yes, and insects have soft backbones
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	backbones	backbone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | insects | soft backbones |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, spiders and many others have no backbone too

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:24-animal-groups:t13:o4:1
# text = No, spiders and many others have no backbone too
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	backbone	backbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | spiders and many others | no backbone |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Groups of animals and how to tell them…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/24-animal-groups/t12/)
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