---
title: Which of the following is designated by the term adaptation? — Habitats and adaptations · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following is designated by the term adaptation? Exam question 1 of lesson 27 «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Habitats and adaptations

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following is designated by the term adaptation?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** following · **What happens:** follow, designate

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 27 «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:e1:1
# text = Which of the following is designated by the term adaptation?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	designated	designate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **designate** | present · passive | following |  |  |  |  | by the term adaptation | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The home of a living thing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:e1:o1:1
# text = The home of a living thing
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feature that assists a living thing to survive in its habitat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:e1:o2:1
# text = A feature that assists a living thing to survive in its habitat
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feature	feature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	assists	assist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	habitat	habitat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assist** | present | a feature | a living thing |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **survive** | to-infinitive | a feature *not said here* | a living thing *not said here* |  | thing's habitat |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in habitat=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A change that an animal makes deliberately within the course of its lifetime

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:e1:o3:1
# text = A change that an animal makes deliberately within the course of its lifetime
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	deliberately	deliberately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	within	within	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a animal | a change |  |  |  | within the course of animal's lifetime; deliberately *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A journey to a more suitable habitat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:e1:o4:1
# text = A journey to a more suitable habitat
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	suitable	suitable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	habitat	habitat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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