---
title: Leo reckons a giraffe got a long neck by stretching it all its life.… — Habitats and adaptations · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo reckons a giraffe got a long neck by stretching it all its life. right? Test 13 · ★★ of lesson 27 «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 13 · ★★ · Habitats and adaptations

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo reckons a giraffe got a long neck by stretching it all its life. right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Leo, giraffe · **What happens:** reckon, get, stretch · **To what, where:** long neck, neck

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This is test 13 · ★★ of lesson 27 «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/#t13).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:t13:1
# text = Leo reckons a giraffe got a long neck by stretching it all its life. right?
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reckons	reckon	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	stretching	stretch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	14	det:predet	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
16	right	right	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reckon** | present | Leo |  |  |  |  | right *property* | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | past | a giraffe | a long neck |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer neck=Stimulus |
| 3 | **stretch** | gerund | a giraffe *not said here* | neck |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent it=Patient life=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, and its babies are born with a stretched neck

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:t13:o1:1
# text = Yes, and its babies are born with a stretched neck
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | present · passive |  | its babies |  |  |  | with a stretched neck | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **stretch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, adaptations develop over many generations

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:t13:o2:1
# text = No, adaptations develop over many generations
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	adaptations	adaptation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	develop	develop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	generations	generation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **develop** | present | adaptations |  |  |  | over many generations |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over generation=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, its neck grows only when it eats leaves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:t13:o3:1
# text = No, its neck grows only when it eats leaves
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | its neck |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | present | neck | leaves |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, each giraffe stretches its own neck longer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:27-habitats-and-adaptations:t13:o4:1
# text = Yes, each giraffe stretches its own neck longer
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stretches	stretch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch** | present | each giraffe | giraffe's own neck |  |  |  | long *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent neck=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Habitats and adaptations, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/t12/)
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