---
title: Leo says bones are dead, like rocks inside you. true? — The skeleton and muscles · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo says bones are dead, like rocks inside you. true? Test 12 of lesson 31 «The skeleton and muscles» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 12 · The skeleton and muscles

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo says bones are dead, like rocks inside you. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Leo, bones · **What happens:** say, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 of lesson 31 «The skeleton and muscles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/31-skeleton-and-muscles/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:31-skeleton-and-muscles:t12:1
# text = Leo says bones are dead, like rocks inside you. true?
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
9	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
12	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Leo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | bones |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, bones are dead and only hold you up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:31-skeleton-and-muscles:t12:o1:1
# text = Yes, bones are dead and only hold you up
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | bones |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold up** | infinitive | bones *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot you=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, bones are alive: they grow, mend and make blood cells

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:31-skeleton-and-muscles:t12:o2:1
# text = No, bones are alive: they grow, mend and make blood cells
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	mend	mend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | bones |  |  |  |  | alive *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | bones *= bone* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **mend** | present | bones *= bone* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | present | bones *= bone* *not said here* | blood cells |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cell=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, bones are made of muscle that has hardened

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:31-skeleton-and-muscles:t12:o3:1
# text = No, bones are made of muscle that has hardened
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	hardened	harden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | bones |  |  |  | of muscle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **harden** | present · perfect · passive |  | muscle |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but they come alive when they break

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:31-skeleton-and-muscles:t12:o4:1
# text = Yes, but they come alive when they break
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	break	break	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | they |  |  |  |  | alive *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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