---
title: Why do your lungs have millions of tiny air bags instead of one big… — The heart, blood and breathing · tree and pragmatics
description: Why do your lungs have millions of tiny air bags instead of one big empty bag? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 32 «The heart, blood and breathing» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · The heart, blood and breathing

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why do your lungs have millions of tiny air bags instead of one big empty bag?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** lungs · **What happens:** have · **To what, where:** millions

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 32 «The heart, blood and breathing» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/32-heart-blood-breathing/#t5).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:32-heart-blood-breathing:t5:1
# text = Why do your lungs have millions of tiny air bags instead of one big empty bag?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
14	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | your lungs | millions of tiny air bags |  |  |  | instead one big empty bag | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many tiny bags give a huge surface for oxygen to pass through

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:32-heart-blood-breathing:t5:o1:1
# text = Many tiny bags give a huge surface for oxygen to pass through
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
12	through	through	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Many tiny bags | a huge surface |  |  |  | for oxygen | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent surface=Theme for oxygen=Asset |
| 2 | **pass through** | to-infinitive | Many tiny bags *not said here* |  |  |  |  | through *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tiny bags keep germs warm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:32-heart-blood-breathing:t5:o2:1
# text = Tiny bags keep germs warm
1	Tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Tiny bags | germs |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Big bags would make the voice too loud

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:32-heart-blood-breathing:t5:o3:1
# text = Big bags would make the voice too loud
1	Big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | would | Big bags | the voice |  |  |  | loud *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material voice=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tiny bags are lighter than one big bag

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:32-heart-blood-breathing:t5:o4:1
# text = Tiny bags are lighter than one big bag
1	Tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Tiny bags |  |  |  |  | than one big bag; light *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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