---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Germs, hygiene and vaccines · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the majority of bacteria? Exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Germs, hygiene and vaccines

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the majority of bacteria?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** majority

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the majority of bacteria?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the majority of bacteria |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most are harmless, and some are beneficial

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e1:o1:1
# text = Most are harmless, and some are beneficial
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Most |  |  |  |  | harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | some |  |  |  |  | beneficial *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All are harmful and cause disease in people

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e1:o2:1
# text = All are harmful and cause disease in people
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	cause	cause	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | All |  |  |  |  | harmful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | infinitive | All *not said here* | disease |  |  |  | in people | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition disease=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All are viruses of a larger size

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e1:o3:1
# text = All are viruses of a larger size
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | all viruses |  |  |  | of a larger size | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
None live within the human body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e1:o4:1
# text = None live within the human body
1	None	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	within	within	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | None |  |  |  |  | within the human body | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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