---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a va… — Germs, hygiene and vaccines · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a vaccine? Exam question 3 of lesson 37 «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/e3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Germs, hygiene and vaccines](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/) / e3

# Exam question 3 · Germs, hygiene and vaccines

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a vaccine?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** vaccine

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 37 «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a vaccine?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	vaccine	vaccine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a vaccine |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It destroys all bacteria within the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e3:o1:1
# text = It destroys all bacteria within the body
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	destroys	destroy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **destroy** | present | It | all bacteria |  |  |  | within the body | vn destroy-44 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument bacterium=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It cures a cold once contracted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e3:o2:1
# text = It cures a cold once contracted
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cures	cure	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
6	contracted	contract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cure** | present | It | a cold |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer cold=Source |
| 2 | **contract** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It trains the body to combat a germ without serious illness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e3:o3:1
# text = It trains the body to combat a germ without serious illness
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	trains	train	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	combat	combat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	germ	germ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | present | It | the body |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **combat** | to-infinitive | the body *not said here* | a germ |  |  |  | without serious illness | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Co-Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It replaces the white blood cells

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:37-germs-hygiene-vaccines:e3:o4:1
# text = It replaces the white blood cells
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	replaces	replace	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | present | It | the white blood cells |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cell=Co-Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Germs, hygiene and vaccines, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/e2/)
- next →: [Germs, hygiene and vaccines, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Germs, hygiene and vaccines](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/)