---
title: A 12-year-old is shorter than his classmates. What is most likely? — Sleep, exercise and growing up · tree and pragmatics
description: A 12-year-old is shorter than his classmates. What is most likely? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 38 «Sleep, exercise and growing up» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · Sleep, exercise and growing up

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A 12-year-old is shorter than his classmates. What is most likely?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** 12-year-old · **What happens:** be

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This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 38 «Sleep, exercise and growing up» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/38-sleep-exercise-growing/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A 12-year-old is shorter than his classmates.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:38-sleep-exercise-growing:t8:1
# text = A 12-year-old is shorter than his classmates.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	12-year-old	12-year-old	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	shorter	short	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	classmates	classmate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a 12-year-old |  |  |  |  | than his classmates; short *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is most likely?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:38-sleep-exercise-growing:t8:2
# text = What is most likely?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sleeps too much

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:38-sleep-exercise-growing:t8:o1:1
# text = He sleeps too much
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | He | much |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He grows at his own pace and may catch up later

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:38-sleep-exercise-growing:t8:o2:1
# text = He grows at his own pace and may catch up later
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pace	pace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | He |  |  |  |  | at his own pace | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at pace=Location |
| 2 | **catch up** | may | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He has the wrong number of bones

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:38-sleep-exercise-growing:t8:o3:1
# text = He has the wrong number of bones
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | He | the wrong number of bones |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He will never grow again

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:38-sleep-exercise-growing:t8:o4:1
# text = He will never grow again
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **grow** | future | He |  |  |  | again |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Sleep, exercise and growing up, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/38-sleep-exercise-growing/t7/)
- next →: [Sleep, exercise and growing up, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/38-sleep-exercise-growing/t9/)
- ↑ back to [Sleep, exercise and growing up](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/38-sleep-exercise-growing/)