---
title: Identify the principal reason for which respiration and the heartbea… — Thinking like a scientist: the body an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which respiration and the heartbeat accelerate during exercise. Exam question 1 of lesson 40 «Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; M
---

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# Exam question 1 · Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which respiration and the heartbeat accelerate during exercise.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, respiration · **What happens:** identify, accelerate · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 40 «Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which respiration and the heartbeat accelerate during exercise.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
7	respiration	respiration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	accelerate	accelerate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
12	during	during	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **accelerate** | infinitive | respiration and the heartbeat |  |  |  | during exercise | for the principal reason | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To supply additional oxygen and remove waste

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e1:o1:1
# text = To supply additional oxygen and remove waste
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	supply	supply	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	additional	additional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	remove	remove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **supply** | to-infinitive |  | additional oxygen |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Recipient |
| 2 | **remove** | infinitive |  | waste |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To expel water from the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e1:o2:1
# text = To expel water from the body
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	expel	expel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expel** | to-infinitive |  | water |  | the body |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent water=Theme from body=Source |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To diminish the need for food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e1:o3:1
# text = To diminish the need for food
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	diminish	diminish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	need	need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **diminish** | to-infinitive |  | the need |  |  |  | for food | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer need=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To reduce the temperature of the muscles while they work

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e1:o4:1
# text = To reduce the temperature of the muscles while they work
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | to-infinitive |  | the temperature of the muscles |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer temperature=Patient |
| 2 | **work** | present | muscles *= muscle* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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