---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises shiv… — Thinking like a scientist: the body an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises shivering? Exam question 2 of lesson 40 «Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/e2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Thinking like a scientist: the body an…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/) / e2

# Exam question 2 · Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises shivering?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, shiver

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 40 «Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises shivering?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	shivering	shiver	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  |  |  |  |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **shiver** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The narrowing of the airways in response to cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e2:o1:1
# text = The narrowing of the airways in response to cold
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	narrowing	narrowing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	airways	airway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rapid working of muscles to produce heat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e2:o2:1
# text = The rapid working of muscles to produce heat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rapid	rapid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	working	working	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	produce	produce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
8	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | to-infinitive |  | heat |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cooling of the body by the evaporation of sweat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e2:o3:1
# text = The cooling of the body by the evaporation of sweat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cooling	cooling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sweat	sweat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cool** |  | the evaporation of sweat | the body |  |  |  |  | nom cooling «process transitive»: of=patient by=agent |
| 2 | **evaporate** |  |  | sweat |  |  |  |  | nom evaporation «process transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sign that the body has become excessively hot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:40-body-and-physics-reasoning:e2:o4:1
# text = A sign that the body has become excessively hot
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	acl	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	excessively	excessively	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present · perfect | a sign |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Thinking like a scientist: the body an…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/e1/)
- next →: [Thinking like a scientist: the body an…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/)