--- title: how'd a river make a whole valley, it's just water — Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th… · tree and pragmatics description: how'd a river make a whole valley, it's just water Test 10 · ★ of lesson 43 «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/43-landforms/t10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/43-landforms/) / t10 # Test 10 · ★ · Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped how'd a river make a whole valley, it's just water **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** river · **What happens:** make, be · **To what, where:** whole valley, water This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 43 «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/43-landforms/#t10). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t10:1 # text = how'd a river make a whole valley, it's just water 1 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 'd 'd PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 12 just just ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | infinitive | a river | a whole valley | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset valley=Product | | 2 | **is a** | present | river | water | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Over thousands of years the sand and stones it carries cut the land ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t10:o1:1 # text = Over thousands of years the sand and stones it carries cut the land 1 Over over ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 carries carry VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 cut cut ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **carry** | present | sand | | | thousands of years and the sand and stones | | cut the land | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ### Option 2 {#o2} It floods once and digs it out ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t10:o2:1 # text = It floods once and digs it out 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 floods flood VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 2 advmod _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 digs dig VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 6 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ _ 7 out out ADP RP _ 5 compound:prt _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **flood** | present | It | | | | | once *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **dig out** | present | | it | | | | | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} The valley was there and the river found it ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t10:o3:1 # text = The valley was there and the river found it 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 acl _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 8 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the valley and the river *not said here* | | | | | there *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **find** | past | the valley and the river | river | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | ### Option 4 {#o4} Fish dig the valley as they swim ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t10:o4:1 # text = Fish dig the valley as they swim 1 Fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 dig dig VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 as as SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 6 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dig** | present | Fish | the valley | | | | | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent valley=Theme | | 2 | **swim** | present | Fish | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/43-landforms/t9/) - next →: [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/43-landforms/t11/) - ↑ back to [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/43-landforms/)