---
title: Why are earthquakes and volcanoes common in the same places? — Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why are earthquakes and volcanoes common in the same places? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 43 «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why are earthquakes and volcanoes common in the same places?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** earthquakes · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** same places

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 43 «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/43-landforms/#t5).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t5:1
# text = Why are earthquakes and volcanoes common in the same places?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | earthquakes and volcanoes |  |  | the same places |  | common *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both are caused by very strong winds blowing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t5:o1:1
# text = Both are caused by very strong winds blowing
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	blowing	blow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive | strong winds | Both |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 2 | **blow** | gerund | strong winds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both happen only near big rivers and lakes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t5:o2:1
# text = Both happen only near big rivers and lakes
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happen	happen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lakes	lake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Both |  |  | big rivers and lakes |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near river=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both happen only in very cold countries

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t5:o3:1
# text = Both happen only in very cold countries
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happen	happen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Both |  |  | cold countries |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in country=Location |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both happen mostly where plates meet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:43-landforms:t5:o4:1
# text = Both happen mostly where plates meet
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happen	happen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	6	advmod	_	_
5	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Both |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **meet** | present | plates |  |  |  |  | mostly *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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