---
title: Identify the principal reason for which coastal places have milder w… — Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which coastal places have milder winters. Exam question 4 of lesson 50 «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice
---

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# Exam question 4 · Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which coastal places have milder winters.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, coastal places · **What happens:** identify, have · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 50 «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:e4:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which coastal places have milder winters.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	coastal	coastal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl	_	_
10	milder	mild	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	winters	winter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | coastal places |  |  |  | winter | for the principal reason | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water cools more slowly than land

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:e4:o1:1
# text = Water cools more slowly than land
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cool** | present | Water |  |  |  |  | than land; slowly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sea is heated from beneath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:e4:o2:1
# text = The sea is heated from beneath
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	beneath	beneath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | present · passive |  | the sea |  | beneath |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coastal places are lower in altitude

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:e4:o3:1
# text = Coastal places are lower in altitude
1	Coastal	coastal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	altitude	altitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Coastal places |  |  | altitude |  | low *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coastal winds come from the equator

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:e4:o4:1
# text = Coastal winds come from the equator
1	Coastal	coastal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Coastal winds |  |  | the equator |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from equator=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/e3/)
- next →: [Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and m…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/51-forces/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/)