---
title: Lake A has rivers flowing in but none flowing out, and it is in a ho… — Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Lake A has rivers flowing in but none flowing out, and it is in a hot dry land. Lake B has a river flowing out to the sea. Which lake is more likely to be salty? Test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with t
---

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# Test 1 · ★★★ · Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lake A has rivers flowing in but none flowing out, and it is in a hot dry land. Lake B has a river flowing out to the sea. Which lake is more likely to be salty?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Lake, rivers, it, river · **What happens:** have, flow, flow out, be · **To what, where:** rivers, hot dry land, river

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lake A has rivers flowing in but none flowing out, and it is in a hot dry land.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:1
# text = Lake A has rivers flowing in but none flowing out, and it is in a hot dry land.
1	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	1	flat	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	4	conj	_	_
9	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Lake | rivers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient |
| 2 | **flow** | gerund | rivers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **flow out** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present | it |  |  | a hot dry land |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Lake B has a river flowing out to the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:2
# text = Lake B has a river flowing out to the sea.
1	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	B	B	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	out	out	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Lake | a river |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient |
| 2 | **flow out** | gerund | a river *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the sea; out *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Which lake is more likely to be salty?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:3
# text = Which lake is more likely to be salty?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | which lake |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | which lake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | salty *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both are equally fresh

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:o1:1
# text = Both are equally fresh
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Both |  |  |  |  | equally, fresh *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both are equally salty

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:o2:1
# text = Both are equally salty
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Both |  |  |  |  | equally, salty *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lake A, because water only leaves it by evaporating

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:o3:1
# text = Lake A, because water only leaves it by evaporating
1	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	evaporating	evaporate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | Lake | water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **evaporate** | gerund | Lake *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lake B, because it is joined to the salty sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t1:o4:1
# text = Lake B, because it is joined to the salty sea
1	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	B	B	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **join** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  | to the salty sea | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to sea=Co-Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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