--- title: if mountains are closer to the sun why's there snow on top — Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo… · tree and pragmatics description: if mountains are closer to the sun why's there snow on top Test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/t10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/) / t10 # Test 10 · ★★★ · Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts if mountains are closer to the sun why's there snow on top **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mountains · **What happens:** be This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/#t10). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t10:1 # text = if mountains are closer to the sun why's there snow on top 1 if if SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 closer close ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 11 amod _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 10 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 4 expl _ _ 11 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 12 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | mountains | | | there | | to the sun; close *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} The rocks up there make cold ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t10:o1:1 # text = The rocks up there make cold 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 rocks rock NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 up up ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 4 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 5 advmod _ _ 5 make make VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | infinitive | the rocks | | | there | | cold *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Rising air thins and cools, so it is colder higher up ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t10:o2:1 # text = Rising air thins and cools, so it is colder higher up 1 Rising rise VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 amod _ _ 2 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 thins thin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 cools cool VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 so so ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 colder cold ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 3 conj _ _ 11 higher high ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 10 parataxis _ _ 12 up up ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rise** | gerund | | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **thin** | present | Rising air | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **cool** | present | Rising air *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **is** | present | air | | | | | cold *property* | tree rules | ### Option 3 {#o3} Snow is blown up from the sea ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t10:o3:1 # text = Snow is blown up from the sea 1 Snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 blown blow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 up up ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **blow up** | present · passive | | Snow | | | | from the sea | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient from sea=Co-Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} The Sun cannot reach the peaks through the thick clouds ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:50-why-the-earth-is-so:t10:o4:1 # text = The Sun cannot reach the peaks through the thick clouds 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 reach reach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 peaks peak NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 through through ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 thick thick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 clouds cloud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **reach** | can | the Sun | the peaks | | the thick clouds | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent peak=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/t9/) - next →: [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/t11/) - ↑ back to [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/)