---
title: It is given that a load is raised by means of a lever. Ascertain the… — Simple machines and how they help · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a load is raised by means of a lever. Ascertain the condition under which the least effort shall be required. Exam question 2 of lesson 52 «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 2 · Simple machines and how they help

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a load is raised by means of a lever. Ascertain the condition under which the least effort shall be required.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, raise, mean, ascertain, require · **To what, where:** It, load, condition, least effort

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 52 «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/52-simple-machines/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a load is raised by means of a lever.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e2:1
# text = It is given that a load is raised by means of a lever.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	lever	lever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **raise** | present · passive |  | a load |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of a lever | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the condition under which the least effort shall be required.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e2:2
# text = Ascertain the condition under which the least effort shall be required.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the condition |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent condition=Topic |
| 2 | **require** | shall · passive |  | the least effort |  | the condition |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The effort is applied at the greatest distance from the pivot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e2:o1:1
# text = The effort is applied at the greatest distance from the pivot
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pivot	pivot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apply** | present · passive |  | the effort |  |  |  | at the greatest distance from the pivot | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at distance=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The load is positioned at the greatest distance from the pivot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e2:o2:1
# text = The load is positioned at the greatest distance from the pivot
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	positioned	position	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pivot	pivot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **position** | present · passive |  | the load |  |  |  | at the greatest distance from the pivot | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at distance=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pivot is situated at the extremity of the bar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e2:o3:1
# text = The pivot is situated at the extremity of the bar
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pivot	pivot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	extremity	extremity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bar	bar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **situate** | present · passive |  | the pivot |  | the extremity of the bar |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at extremity=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The effort is applied immediately adjacent to the pivot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e2:o4:1
# text = The effort is applied immediately adjacent to the pivot
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pivot	pivot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apply** | present · passive |  | the effort |  |  |  | adjacent *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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