---
title: Identify the principal advantage conferred by an inclined plane in r… — Simple machines and how they help · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal advantage conferred by an inclined plane in respect of the elevation of a heavy load. Exam question 3 of lesson 52 «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Exam question 3 · Simple machines and how they help

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal advantage conferred by an inclined plane in respect of the elevation of a heavy load.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, confer, respect, elevate · **To what, where:** principal advantage, elevation, heavy load

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 52 «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/52-simple-machines/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e3:1
# text = Identify the principal advantage conferred by an inclined plane in respect of the elevation of a heavy load.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	advantage	advantage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	conferred	confer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	inclined	inclined	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	elevation	elevation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal advantage |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent advantage=Theme |
| 2 | **confer** | participle |  | the principal advantage *not said here* |  |  |  | by a inclined plane in respect of the elevation of a heavy load | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **respect** |  |  | the elevation of a heavy load |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **elevate** |  |  | a heavy load |  |  |  |  | nom elevation «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The friction upon the load is entirely abolished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e3:o1:1
# text = The friction upon the load is entirely abolished
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	abolished	abolish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abolish** | present · passive |  | the friction upon the load |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The weight of the load is permanently diminished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e3:o2:1
# text = The weight of the load is permanently diminished
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	permanently	permanently	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	diminished	diminish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **diminish** | present · passive |  | the weight of the load |  |  |  | permanently *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lesser force suffices, the load being conveyed along a longer path

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e3:o3:1
# text = A lesser force suffices, the load being conveyed along a longer path
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lesser	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	suffices	suffice	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	conveyed	convey	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	along	along	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffice** | present | a lesser force |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **convey** | gerund · passive |  | the load |  |  |  | along a longer path | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The load is elevated through a shorter path with greater force

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:52-simple-machines:e3:o4:1
# text = The load is elevated through a shorter path with greater force
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	elevated	elevate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	shorter	short	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elevate** | present · passive |  | the load |  | a shorter path with greater force |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme through path=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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