---
title: It is given that a string is shortened and tightened. Ascertain the… — Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch an… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a string is shortened and tightened. Ascertain the consequent alteration in the note produced thereby. Exam question 3 of lesson 54 «Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/54-sound/e3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch an…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/54-sound/) / e3

# Exam question 3 · Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a string is shortened and tightened. Ascertain the consequent alteration in the note produced thereby.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, shorten, tighten, ascertain, produce · **To what, where:** It, string, consequent alteration, note

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 54 «Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/54-sound/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a string is shortened and tightened.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:e3:1
# text = It is given that a string is shortened and tightened.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	shortened	shorten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	tightened	tighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **shorten** | present · passive |  | a string |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **tighten** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the consequent alteration in the note produced thereby.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:e3:2
# text = Ascertain the consequent alteration in the note produced thereby.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	consequent	consequent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	alteration	alteration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the consequent alteration |  | the note |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alteration=Topic |
| 2 | **produce** | participle |  | the note *not said here* |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pitch of the note shall be lowered

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:e3:o1:1
# text = The pitch of the note shall be lowered
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	lowered	lower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lower** | shall · passive |  | the pitch of the note |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The loudness alone shall be diminished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:e3:o2:1
# text = The loudness alone shall be diminished
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loudness	loudness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	diminished	diminish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **diminish** | shall · passive |  | the loudness |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The note shall remain wholly unaltered

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:e3:o3:1
# text = The note shall remain wholly unaltered
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	wholly	wholly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	unaltered	unaltered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | shall | the note |  |  |  |  | unaltered *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pitch of the note shall be raised

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:e3:o4:1
# text = The pitch of the note shall be raised
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | shall · passive |  | the pitch of the note |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch an…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/54-sound/e2/)
- next →: [Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch an…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/54-sound/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/54-sound/)