---
title: Whales can call to each other across many kilometres of ocean. Which… — Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Whales can call to each other across many kilometres of ocean. Which fact helps explain this? Test 6 of lesson 54 «Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Test 6 · Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whales can call to each other across many kilometres of ocean. Which fact helps explain this?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Whales, fact · **What happens:** call, help, explain · **To what, where:** each, many kilometres, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 54 «Sound — vibrations, loudness, pitch and echoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/54-sound/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Whales can call to each other across many kilometres of ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:t6:1
# text = Whales can call to each other across many kilometres of ocean.
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	3	obl	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	_
7	across	across	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | can | Whales |  | each | many kilometres of ocean |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to each=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which fact helps explain this?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:t6:2
# text = Which fact helps explain this?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	explain	explain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
5	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | which fact |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | infinitive | which fact *not said here* | this |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water makes sounds silent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:t6:o1:1
# text = Water makes sounds silent
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Water | sounds |  |  |  | silent *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sound travels well through water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:t6:o2:1
# text = Sound travels well through water
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | Sound |  |  | water |  | well *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through water=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sound needs empty space to travel

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:t6:o3:1
# text = Sound needs empty space to travel
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Sound | empty space |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot space=Theme |
| 2 | **travel** | to-infinitive | Sound *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sound cannot travel in water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:54-sound:t6:o4:1
# text = Sound cannot travel in water
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **travel** | can | Sound |  |  | water |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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