---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Electricity — circuits, switches and s… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the condition necessary for the flow of electricity? Exam question 1 of lesson 55 «Electricity — circuits, switches and safety» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/55-electricity/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Electricity — circuits, switches and s…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/55-electricity/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · Electricity — circuits, switches and safety

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the condition necessary for the flow of electricity?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** electricity · **What happens:** follow, characteris, flow · **To what, where:** condition

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 55 «Electricity — circuits, switches and safety» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/55-electricity/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:55-electricity:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the condition necessary for the flow of electricity?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	necessary	necessary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the condition |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **flow** |  | electricity |  |  |  |  |  | nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The circuit must contain at least one gap

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:55-electricity:e1:o1:1
# text = The circuit must contain at least one gap
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	circuit	circuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	contain	contain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	nmod	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | must | the circuit | one gap |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot gap=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The circuit must be immersed in water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:55-electricity:e1:o2:1
# text = The circuit must be immersed in water
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	circuit	circuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	immersed	immerse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **immerse** | must · passive |  | the circuit |  | water |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in water=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wires must be coated externally in a layer of metal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:55-electricity:e1:o3:1
# text = The wires must be coated externally in a layer of metal
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wires	wire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	coated	coat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	externally	externally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **coat** | must · passive |  | the wires |  |  |  | in a layer of metal; externally *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in layer=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The circuit must be complete, without any gap

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:55-electricity:e1:o4:1
# text = The circuit must be complete, without any gap
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	circuit	circuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | the circuit |  |  |  |  | without any gap; complete *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Electricity — circuits, switches and s…, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/55-electricity/t13/)
- next →: [Electricity — circuits, switches and s…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/55-electricity/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Electricity — circuits, switches and safety](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/55-electricity/)