---
title: A thermos keeps tea hot for hours. What is the main idea of how it w… — Thinking it through — forces, heat, li… · tree and pragmatics
description: A thermos keeps tea hot for hours. What is the main idea of how it works? Test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right
---

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# Test 9 · ★★★ · Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thermos keeps tea hot for hours. What is the main idea of how it works?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** thermos, main idea, idea · **What happens:** keep, be, work · **To what, where:** tea

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A thermos keeps tea hot for hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:60-reasoning-energy-technology:t9:1
# text = A thermos keeps tea hot for hours.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a thermos | tea |  |  | hour | hot *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tea=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the main idea of how it works?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:60-reasoning-energy-technology:t9:2
# text = What is the main idea of how it works?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the main idea |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | present | idea |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It uses electricity from the tea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:60-reasoning-energy-technology:t9:o1:1
# text = It uses electricity from the tea
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | It | electricity |  | the tea |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It keeps the cold from flowing in like water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:60-reasoning-energy-technology:t9:o2:1
# text = It keeps the cold from flowing in like water
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | It | the cold |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |
| 2 | **flow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like water | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It stops heat flowing out from the hot tea to the colder air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:60-reasoning-energy-technology:t9:o3:1
# text = It stops heat flowing out from the hot tea to the colder air
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	out	out	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | It | heat |  |  |  | to the colder air | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality heat=Eventuality |
| 2 | **flow out** | gerund | heat *not said here* |  |  | the hot tea |  | out *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It makes new heat inside the flask

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:60-reasoning-energy-technology:t9:o4:1
# text = It makes new heat inside the flask
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	flask	flask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | It | new heat |  | the flask |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material heat=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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