---
title: Which is true about fossils? — Rocks, minerals and fossils · tree and pragmatics
description: Which is true about fossils? Test 3 of lesson 61 «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · Rocks, minerals and fossils

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which is true about fossils?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 61 «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t3:1
# text = Which is true about fossils?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fossils	fossil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about fossils; true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are remains or traces of living things preserved in rock

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t3:o1:1
# text = They are remains or traces of living things preserved in rock
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	remains	remains	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	traces	trace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | remains or traces of living things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **preserve** | participle |  | living things *not said here* |  | rock |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are bones that have stayed exactly as they were

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t3:o2:1
# text = They are bones that have stayed exactly as they were
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	stayed	stay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | bones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** | present · perfect | bones |  |  |  |  | as bones *= bone*; exactly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They form only in ice and never in rock

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t3:o3:1
# text = They form only in ice and never in rock
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | They |  |  | ice and rock |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in ice=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are stones that look like animals by chance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t3:o4:1
# text = They are stones that look like animals by chance
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | stones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | stones |  |  |  |  | like animals; by chance | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent by chance=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Rocks, minerals and fossils, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/t2/)
- next →: [Rocks, minerals and fossils, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/t4/)
- ↑ back to [Rocks, minerals and fossils](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/)