---
title: Where does the sand in sandstone come from? — Rocks, minerals and fossils · tree and pragmatics
description: Where does the sand in sandstone come from? Test 9 of lesson 61 «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 9 · Rocks, minerals and fossils

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where does the sand in sandstone come from?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** come

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This is test 9 of lesson 61 «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t9:1
# text = Where does the sand in sandstone come from?
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	2	advmod	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sandstone	sandstone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dust that falls to Earth from outer space

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t9:o1:1
# text = Dust that falls to Earth from outer space
1	Dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | Dust |  | Earth | outer space |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to earth=Initial\_Location from space=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Salt left behind when old seas dried up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t9:o2:1
# text = Salt left behind when old seas dried up
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave behind** | participle |  | Salt *not said here* |  |  |  | behind *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **dry up** | participle · passive |  | old seas |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ash thrown out by volcanoes and nothing else

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t9:o3:1
# text = Ash thrown out by volcanoes and nothing else
1	Ash	ash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	conj	_	_
8	else	else	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ash** | imperative | you *not said here* | thrown volcanoes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **throw out** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Older rocks broken down by weathering

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:61-rocks-minerals-fossils:t9:o4:1
# text = Older rocks broken down by weathering
1	Older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	amod	_	_
2	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	weathering	weathering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | participle |  | Older rocks *not said here* |  |  |  | by weathering | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Rocks, minerals and fossils, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/t8/)
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