---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Volcanoes and earthquakes up close · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the location of the majority of volcanoes and earthquakes? Exam question 1 of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Exam question 1 · Volcanoes and earthquakes up close

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the location of the majority of volcanoes and earthquakes?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** location

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the location of the majority of volcanoes and earthquakes?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	location	location	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the location of the majority of volcanoes and earthquakes |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They occur chiefly near the North and South Poles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:e1:o1:1
# text = They occur chiefly near the North and South Poles
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occur	occur	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	Poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | They |  |  | the North Poles |  | chiefly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near pole=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They occur with equal frequency in all places on Earth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:e1:o2:1
# text = They occur with equal frequency in all places on Earth
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occur	occur	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	frequency	frequency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | They |  |  | all places on Earth |  | with equal frequency | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in place=Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They occur chiefly where the Earth's plates meet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:e1:o3:1
# text = They occur chiefly where the Earth's plates meet
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occur	occur	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | They |  |  |  |  | chiefly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **meet** | present | the Earth's plates |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They occur chiefly in the centres of the largest plates

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:e1:o4:1
# text = They occur chiefly in the centres of the largest plates
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	occur	occur	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	centres	centre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | They |  |  | the centres of the largest plates |  | chiefly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in centre=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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