---
title: Lava in Hawaii flows like a slow red river, but Mount St Helens blew… — Volcanoes and earthquakes up close · tree and pragmatics
description: Lava in Hawaii flows like a slow red river, but Mount St Helens blew its top off. Why the difference? Test 2 · ★ of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/t2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Volcanoes and earthquakes up close](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/) / t2

# Test 2 · ★ · Volcanoes and earthquakes up close

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lava in Hawaii flows like a slow red river, but Mount St Helens blew its top off. Why the difference?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Lava, Helens · **What happens:** flow, blow off · **To what, where:** top

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lava in Hawaii flows like a slow red river, but Mount St Helens blew its top off.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:t2:1
# text = Lava in Hawaii flows like a slow red river, but Mount St Helens blew its top off.
1	Lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	Mount	Mount	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	St	St	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:desc	_	_
14	Helens	Helens	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	off	off	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | Lava in Hawaii |  |  |  |  | like a slow red river | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **blow off** | past | Helens  Mount St | Lava's top |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent top=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why the difference?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:t2:2
# text = Why the difference?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The other volcano had water instead of lava

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:t2:o1:1
# text = The other volcano had water instead of lava
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the other volcano | water |  |  |  | instead lava | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hawaii's lava is runny and lets gas escape; the other magma was sticky and trapped it

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:t2:o2:1
# text = Hawaii's lava is runny and lets gas escape; the other magma was sticky and trapped it
1	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	runny	runny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	magma	magma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	trapped	trap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Hawaii's lava |  |  |  |  | runny *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **let** | present | Hawaii's lava *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **escape** | infinitive | Hawaii's lava *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | the other magma |  |  |  |  | sticky *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **trap** | participle | the other magma *not said here* | magma |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hawaii's lava is cold and the other was hot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:t2:o3:1
# text = Hawaii's lava is cold and the other was hot
1	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Hawaii's lava |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Hawaii's lava *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | Hawaii's lava *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hawaii's volcano is much smaller and weaker

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes:t2:o4:1
# text = Hawaii's volcano is much smaller and weaker
1	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	weaker	weak	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Hawaii's volcano |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Hawaii's volcano *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Volcanoes and earthquakes up close, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/t1/)
- next →: [Volcanoes and earthquakes up close, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Volcanoes and earthquakes up close](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/)